RO system stands for Reverse Osmosis system. It is a water purification process that uses a semipermeable membrane to remove ions, molecules, and larger particles from drinking water. Reverse osmosis is an effective method for producing clean, fresh water by removing contaminants, including dissolved salts, bacteria, viruses, and other impurities.

The process of reverse osmosis works by applying pressure to force water through the semipermeable membrane, allowing water molecules to pass through while trapping and removing the dissolved solids and impurities. The filtered water that passes through the membrane is known as the permeate, while the concentrated solution left behind is called the reject or brine, which is typically discharged.

RO systems are commonly used in residential, commercial, and industrial settings to purify water for various purposes, such as drinking, cooking, and manufacturing processes. They are particularly beneficial in areas with poor water quality or where access to clean water is limited.

Though reverse osmosis is an effective method for water purification, it does have some drawbacks. It can be relatively slow compared to other filtration methods, and it also wastes some water during the purification process. However, technological advancements have led to improvements in efficiency and reduced water wastage in modern RO systems.